When Kama is practiced by men of the four castes according to the rules of the Holy Writ (i.e. by lawful marriage) with virgins of their own caste, it then becomes a means of acquiring lawful progeny and good fame, and it is not also opposed to the customs of the world. On the contrary, the practice of Kama with women of the higher castes, and with those previously enjoyed by others, even though they be of the same caste, is prohibited.
But the practice of Kama with women of the lower castes, with women excommunicated from their own caste, with public women, and with women twice married, is neither enjoined nor prohibited. The object of practicing Kama with such women is pleasure only. Nayikas, therefore, are of three kinds, viz. Maids, women twice married, and public women. Gonikaputra has expressed an opinion that there is a fourth kind of Nayika, viz. A woman who is resorted to on some special occasions even though she be previously married to another. These special occasions are when a man thinks thus:
a) This woman is self-willed, and has been previously enjoyed by many others beside myself. I may, therefore, safely resort to her as a public woman though she belongs to a higher caste than mine, and in so doing, I shall not be violating the ordinances of Dharma.
b) This is a twice-married woman and has been enjoyed by others before me; there is, therefore, no objection to my resorting to her.
c) This woman has gained the heart of her great and powerful husband, and exercises a mastery over him, who is friend of my enemy; if, therefore, she becomes united with me she will cause her husband to abandon my enemy.
a) This woman will turn the mind of her husband, who is very powerful, in my favor, he being at present disaffected towards me, and intent on doing me some harm.
b) By making this woman my friend I shall gain the object of some friend of mine, or shall be able to effect the ruin of some enemy, or shall accomplish some other difficult purpose.
c) By being united with this woman, I shall kill her husband, and so obtain his vast riches that I covet.
d) The union of this woman with me is not attended with any danger, and will bring me wealth, of which on account of my poverty and inability to support myself, I am very much in need. I shall, therefore, obtain her vast riches in this way without any difficulty.
e) This woman loves me ardently, and knows all my weak points; if, therefore, I am unwilling to be united with her, she will make my faults public and thus tarnish my character and reputation. Or she will bring some gross accusation against me, of which it may be hard to clear myself, and I shall be ruined. Or perhaps she will detach from me her husband who is powerful, and yet under her control, and will united him to my enemy, or will herself join the latter.
f) The husband of this woman has violated the chastity of my wives; I shall therefore return that injury by seducing his wives.
g) By the help of this woman I shall kill an enemy of the king, who has taken shelter with her, and whom I am ordered by the king to destroy.
h) The woman whom I love is under the control of this woman. I shall, through the influence of the latter, be able to get at the former.
i) This woman will bring to me a maid who possesses wealth and beauty, but who is hard to get at, and under the control of another.
j) My enemy is a friend of this woman’s husband; I shall therefore cause her to join him, and will thus create an enmity between her husband and him.
For these and similar other reasons the wives of other men may be resorted to, but it must be distinctly understood that is only allowed for special reasons, and not for mere carnal desire.
The following women are not to be enjoyed: a leper; a lunatic; a woman turned out of caste; a woman who reveals secrets; a woman who publicly expresses desire for sexual intercourse; a woman who is extremely black; a bad-smelling woman; a woman who is a near relation; a woman who is a female friend; a woman who leads the life of an ascetic; and lastly, the wife of a relation, of a friend, of a learned Brahman, and of the king.
The followers of Babhravya say that any woman who has been enjoyed by five men is a fit and proper person to be enjoyed. But Gonikaputra is of the opinion that even when this is the case, the wives of a relation, of a learned Brahman and of a king should be excepted.
The following are of the kind of friends: one who has played with you in the dust, i.e. in childhood; one who is bound by an obligation; one who is of the same disposition and fond of the same things; one who is a fellow student; one who is acquainted with your secrets and faults, and whose faults and secrets are also known to you; one who is a child of your nurse; one who is brought up with you; one who is an hereditary friend.
These friends should possess the following qualities: they should tell the truth; they should not be changed by time; they should be firm; they should be free from covetousness; they should not be capable of being gained over by others; they should not reveal your secrets.
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